学为贵四六级培训项目部提供：2016年12月英语六级考试阅读原文及答案(卷一)。

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　　Part III Reading Comprehension （40 minutes）

　　Section A

　　Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

　　Small communities, with their distinctive character－where life is stable and intensely human－are disappear. Some have_____（26）from the face of the earth, others are dying solely, but all have_____（27）changes as they come into contact with an_____（28）machine civilization. The merging of diverse peoples into a common mass has produced tension among members of the minorities and the majority alike.

　　The Old Order Amish, who arrived on American shores in colonial times, have_____（29）in the modern world in distinctive, small communities. They have resisted the homogenization_____（30）more successfully than others. In planting and harvest time one can see their bearded men working the fields with horses and their women hanging out the laundry in neat rows to dry. Many American people have seen Amish families, with the men wearing broad- brimmed black hats and the women in long dresses, in railway or bus_____（31）。 Although the Amish have lived with_____（32）American for over two and a half centuries, they have moderated its influence on their personal lives, their families, communities, and their values.

　　The Amish are often_____（33）by other Americans to be relies of the past who live a simple, inflexible life dedicated to inconvenient out- dated customs. They are seen as abandoning both modern_____（34）and the American dream of success and progress. But most people have no quarrel with the Amish for doing things the old- fashioned way. Their conscientious objection was tolerated in wartime, for after all, they are good farmers who_____（35）the virtues of work and thrift.

　　A. accessing

　　B. conveniences

　　C. destined

　　D. expanding

　　E. industrialized

　　F. perceived

　　G. practice

　　H. process

　　I. progress

　　J. respective

　　K. survived

　　L. terminals

　　M. undergone

　　N. universal

　　O. vanished

　　答案：

　　26.O   27.M   28.D   29.K   30.H   31.L   32.E   33.F   34.B   35.G

　　真经派解析：

　　26. 正确选项：O. vanished  消失的。看空白前是have, 空白后是from, 再根据 some 和后面others 是并列关系，可知have 应是完成时态，故空白应填done 形式。再根据句意，“一些已经…从地球上，其他正在完全消失” ， 故应填O. vanished 消失的。

　　27. 正确选项：M. undergone  经受；接受。看空白前是 have, 空白后是changes 名词，可知空白处填done 形式。再根据句意，“但是所有已经…变化” 故应填M. undergone  经受；接受。

　　28. 正确选项： D. expanding  扩张 。看空白前是an, 空白后是machine, 可知空白处填形容词，而且是原因发音开头的形容词。再根据句意，“随着他们开始和 一个…机器文明联系”，看形容词选项， 故应填 D. expanding  扩张。

　　29. 正确选项：K. survived   存活。看空白前是have, 空白后是 in the modern world, 可知空白处填done形式， have done 完成时态。再根据句意，后一句有“他们抵抗同质化…比其他更成功”，说明他们成功了， 故应填K. survived   存活。

　　30. 正确选项：H. process  进程。看空白前是homogenization, 空白后是more successfully,  可知空白处填名词， 名词＋名词短语。再根据句意，“他们抵抗同质化…比其他更成功”， 故应填H. process  进程。

　　31. 正确选项：L. terminals  终点站。看空白前是in railway or bus, 后面是句号，可知空白处填名词。再根据句意，“在铁路或者公交车…“  故应填L. terminals  终点站。

　　32. 正确选项： E. industrialized  工业化的。看空白前是with,空白后是American名词，可知空白处填形容词。再根据句意，“尽管Amish已经和…美国人生活了250年” 故应填 E. industrialized  工业化的。

　　33. 正确选项：F. perceived  观察到。看空白前是are often, 后面是by, 可知空白应是被动语态，可知空白处填done。再根据句意，“Amish 人经常被其他美国人… ” 故应填F. perceived  观察到。

　　34. 正确选项：B. convenience  方便。看空白前是modern 现代的，形容词，空白后是and,  可知空白处填名词。再根据句意，“他们被看作放弃现代的… 和美国成功和进步的梦想” ，结合前一句“不方便”，可知Amish放弃的是“现代的方便”，故应填B. convenience  方便。

　　正确选项：G. practice  实践，练习。看空白前是who, 空白后是the, 可知空白处填动词。再根据句意，“那些… 工作和节约的美德”，故应填G. practice 实践， 练习。

　　Section B

　　Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

　　Countries Rush for Upper Hand in Antarctica

　　[A] On a glacier-filled island with fjord（峡湾）and elephant seals. Russia has built Antarctica's first Orthodox church on a hill overlooking its research base. Less than an hour away by snowmobile. Chinese labourers have updates the Great Wall Station, a vital part of China's plan to operate five bases on Antarctica, complete with an indoor badminton court and sleeping quarter for 150 people. Not to be outdone, India's futuristic new Bharathi base, built on stilts（桩子）using 134 interlocking shipping containers, resembles a spaceship. Turkey and Iran have announced plans to build bases, too.

　　[B] More than a century has passed since explorers raced to plant their flags at the bottom of the world, and for decades to come this continent is supposed to be protected as a scientific preserve, shielded from intrusions like military activities and mining. But an array of countries are rushing to assert greater influence here, with an eye not just towards the day those protective treaties expire, but also for strategic and commercial opportunities that already exist.

　　[C] The newer player are stepping into what they view as a treasure house of resources. Some of the ventures focus on the Antarctic resources that are already up for grabs, like abundant sea life. South Korea, which operates state-of-the - art bases here is increasing its fishing of krill（磷虾）， found in abundance in Southern Ocean, while Russia recently frustrated efforts to create one of the world's largest ocean sanctuaries here.

　　[D] Some scientists are examining the potential for harvesting icebergs from Antarctica, which is estimated to have the biggest reserves of fresh water on the plant. Nations are also pressing ahead with space research and satellite projects to expand their global navigation abilities .

　　[E] Building on a Soviet-era foothold, Russia is expanding its monitoring station for Glonass, its version of the Global Positioning System （GPS）。 At least three Russia stations are already operating in Antarctica, part of its efforts to challenge the dominance of the American CPS, and new station are planned for sites like the Russia base, in the shadow of the Orthodox Church of the Holy Trinity.

　　[F] Elsewhere in Antarctica Russian researchers boast of their recent discovery of a freshwater reserve the size of Lake Ontario after drilling through miles of solid ice. "You can see that we're here to stay," said Vladimir Cheberdak, 57, chief of the Bellingshausen Station. As he sipped tea under a portrait of Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen, a high-ranking officer in the Imperial Russian Navy who explored the Antarctic in 1820.

　　[G] Antarctica's mineral, oil and gas wealth are a longer-term prize. The treaty banning mining here, shielding coveted（令人垂涎的）reserves of iron ore, coal and chromium. Comes up for review in 2048. Researchers recently found kimberlite（金伯利岩）deposits hinting at the existence of diamonds. And while assessments vary widely, geologists estimate that Antarctica holds at least 36 billion barrels of oil and natural gas.

　　[H] Beyond the Antarctic, huge obstacles persist to tapping these resources, like drifting icebergs that could jeopardise offshore platforms. Then there us Antarctica's remoteness, with some mineral deposits found in windswept locations on a continent that is larger than Europe and where winter temperatures hover around minus 55 degrees Celsius.

　　[I] But advances in technology might make Antarctica a lot more accessible three decades from now. And even before then, scholars warn, the demand for resources in an energy-hungry world could raise pressure to renegotiate Antarctica's treaties, possibly allowing more commercial endeavours here well before the prohibitions against them expire. The research stations on King George Island offer a glimpse into the game on this ice-blanketed continent as nations assert themselves, eroding the sway long held by countries like the United States. Britain, Australia and New Zealand.

　　[J] Being stationed in Antarctica involves adapting to life on the plant's driest, windiest and coldest continent, yet each nation manages to make itself at home. Bearded Russian priests offer regular services at the Orthodox church for the 16 or so Russian speakers who spend the winter at the base, largely polar scientists in fields like glaciology and meteorology. Their number climbs to about 40 in the warmer summer months. China has arguably the fastest-growing operations in Antarctica. It opened its fourth station last year and is pressing ahead with plans to build a fifth. It is building its second ice-breaking ship and setting up research drilling operations on an ice dome 13,422 feet above sea level that is one of the plant's coldest places. Chinese officials say the expansion in Antarctica prioritises scientific research. But they also acknowledge that concerns about "resource security" influence their moves.

　　[K] China's newly renovated Great Wall Station on King George Island makes the Russian and Chilean bases seem outdated. "We do weather monitoring here and other research," Ning Xu, 53, the chief of the Chinese base, said over tea during a fierce Blizzard （暴风雪） in late November. The large base he leads resembles a snowed-in college campus on holiday break, with the capacity to sleep more than 10 times the 13 people who were staying on through the Antarctic winter. Yong Yu, a Chinese microbiologist, showed off the spacious building, with empty desks under an illustrated timeline detailing the rapid growth of China's Antarctic operations since the 19870s. "We now feel equipped to grow," he said.

　　[L] As some countries expand operations in Antarctica, the United States maintains three year-round stations on the continent with more than 1,000 people during the southern hemisphere's summer, including those at the Amundsen-Scott station, built in 1956 at an elevation of 9,301 feet on a plateau at the South Pole. But US researchers quietly complain about budget restraints and having far fewer icebreakers than Russia, limiting the reach of the United State in Antarctica.

　　[M] Scholars warn that Antarctica's political drift could blur the distinction between military and civilian activities long before the continent's treaties come up for renegotiation, especially in parts of Antarctica that are ideal for intercepting （拦截） signals from satellites or retasking satellite systems, potentially enhancing global electronic intelligence operations.

　　[N] Some countries have had a hard time here. Brazil opened a research station in 1984, but it was largely destroyed by a fire that killed two members of the navy in 2012, the same year that a diesel-laden Brazilian barge sank near the base. As if that were not enough, a Brazilian C-130 Hercules military transport plane has remained stranded near the runway of Chile's air base here since it crash-landed in 2014.

　　[O] However, Brazil's stretch of misfortune has created opportunities for Chine, with all Chinese company winning the $100 million contract in 2015 to rebuild the Brazilian station.

　　[P] Amid all the changes, Antarctica maintains its allure. South Korea opened its second Antarctic research base in 2014, describing it as a way to test robots developed by Korean researchers for use in extreme conditions. With Russia's help, Belarus is preparing to build its first Antarctic base. Colombia said this year that it planned to join other South American nations with bases in Antarctica.

　　[Q] "The old days of the Antarctic being dominated by the interests and wishes of white men from European, Australasian and North American states are over," said Klaus Dodds, a politics scholar at the University of London who specializes in Antarctica. "The reality is that Antarctica is geopolitically contested."

　　36. According to Chinese officials, their activities in Antarctica lay greater emphasis on scientific research.

　　37. Efforts to create one of the world's largest ocean sanctuaries failed because of Russia's obstruction.

　　38. With several monitoring stations operating in Antarctica, Russia is trying hard to counter America's dominance in the field of worldwide navigational facilities.

　　39. According to geologist's estimates, Antarctica has enormous reserves of oil and natural gas.

　　40. It is estimated that Antarctica boasts of the richest reserves of fresh water on earth.

　　41. The demand for energy resources may compel renegotiation of Antarctica's treaties before their expiration.

　　42. Many countries are racing against each other to increase their business and strategic influence on Antarctica.

　　43. Antarctica's harsh natural conditions constitute huge obstacles to the exploitation of its resources.

　　44. With competition from many countries, Antarctica is no longer dominated by the traditional white nations.

　　45. American scientists complain about lack of sufficient money and equipment for their expansion in Antarctica.

　　答案：

　　36.J   37.C   38.E   39.G   40.D   41.I   42.B   43.H   44.Q   45.L

　　真经派解析：

　　36. 正确答案：J。第一步，读题目，找定位词，Chinese officials, scientific research 。第二步，回原文找，定位到 J 段倒数第二句话。同义替换词有：greater emphasis on= prioritises

　　37. 正确答案：C。第一步，读题目，找定位词，largest ocean sanctuaries, Russia’s obstruction 。第二步，回原文找，定位到 C 段最后一句话。同义替换词有：obstruction=frustrated 阻碍

　　38. 正确答案：E。第一步，读题目，找定位词，several monitoring stations, dominance, navigational facilities 。第二步，回原文找，定位到 E 段第1,2 句话。同义替换词有：navigational facilities=GPS.

　　39. 正确答案：G。第一步，读题目，找定位词，geologist’s estimates, enormous reserves of oil and natural gas 。第二步，回原文找，定位到 G 段第1句话。同义替换词有：enormous=36 billion barrels of

　　40. 正确答案：D。第一步，读题目，找定位词，richest reserves of fresh water 。第二步，回原文找，定位到 D 段第 1句话。同义替换词有：richest=biggest.

　　41. 正确答案：I。第一步，读题目，找定位词，demand for energy, renegotiation, expiration 。第二步，回原文找，定位到 I 段第 2句话。同义替换词有： compel= raise pressure

　　42. 正确答案：B。第一步，读题目，找定位词，racing , increase their business and strategic influence 。第二步，回原文找，定位到 B 段第 2句话。同义替换词有：many = an array of, business= commercial。

　　43. 正确答案：H。第一步，读题目，找定位词，harsh natural conditions, huge obstacles, exploitation 。第二步，回原文找，定位到 H 段第 1句话。同义替换词有： harsh = drifting icebergs,

　　44. 正确答案：Q。第一步，读题目，找定位词，competition, traditional white nations 。第二步，回原文找，定位到 Q 段第1句话。同义替换词有：no longer= are over.

　　45. 正确答案：L。第一步，读题目，找定位词，lack of sufficient money and equipment, expansion 。第二步，回原文找，定位到 L 段最后一句话。同义替换词有：lack of sufficient money= budget restraints, equipment= icebreakers.

　　Section C

　　Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A）， B）， C） and D）。 You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

　　Passage 1

　　Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

　　Passage 1

　　Any veteran nicotine addict will testify that fancy packaging plays no roles in the decision to keep smoking. So, it is argued, stripping cartons of their branding will trigger no mass movement to quit.

　　But that isn't why the government－under pressure from cancer charities, health workers and the Labour party－has agreed to legislate for standardized packaging. The theory is that smoking should be stripped of any appeal to discourage new generations from starting in the first place. Plain packaging would be another step in the reclassification of cigarettes from inviting consumer products to narcotics（麻醉剂）。

　　Naturally, the tobacco industry is violently opposed. No business likes to admit that it sells addictive poison as a lifestyle choice. That is why government has historically intervened. Banning advertising, imposing health warnings and punitive（惩罚性的）duties. This approach has led over time to a fall in smoking with numbers having roughly halved since the 1970s. Evidence from Australia suggests plain packaging pushes society further along that road. Sine tobacco is one of the biggest causes of premature death in the UK, a measure that tames the habit even by a fraction is worth trying.

　　So why has it taken so long? The Department of Health declared its intention to consider the move in November 2010 and consulted through 2012. But the plan was suspended in July 2013. It did not escape notice that a lobbying firm set up by Lynton Crosby. David Cameron's election campaign director, had previously acted for Philip Morris International. （The prime minister denied there was a connection between his new adviser's outside interests and change in legislative programme.） In November 2013, after an unnecessary round of additional consultation. Health minister Jane Ellison said the government was minded to proceed after all. Now we are told Members of Parliament （MPs） will have a free vote before parliament is dissolved in March.

　　Parliament has in fact already authorized the government to tame the tobacco trade. MPs voted overwhelmingly in favour of Labour amendments to the children and families bill last February that included the power to regulate for plain packaging. With sufficient will in Downing Street this would have been done already. But strength of will is the missing ingredient where Mr. Cameron and public health are concerned. His attitude to state intervention has looked confused ever since his bizarre 2006 lament（叹惜）that chocolate oranges placed seductively at supermarket checkouts fueled obesity.

　　The government has moved reluctantly into a sensible public, but with such obvious over-cautiousness that any political credit due belongs to the opposition. Without sustained external pressure it seems certain Mr. Cameron would still be hooked on the interests of big tobacco companies.

　　46. What do chain smokers think of cigarette packing?

　　A.Fancy packing can help to engage new smokers.

　　B.It has to do with the quality or taste of cigarettes.

　　C.Plain packing discourages non-smokers from taking up smoking.

　　D.It has little impact on their decision whether or not to quit smoking.

　　47. What has the UK government agree to do concerning tobacco packing?

　　A.Pass a law to standardize cigarette packaging.

　　B.Rid cigarette cartons of all advertisements.

　　C.Subsidise companies to adopt plain packing.

　　D.Reclassify cigarettes according to packing.

　　48. What has happened in Australia where plain packaging is implemented?

　　A.Premature death rates resulting from smoking have declined.

　　B.The number of smokers has dropped more sharply than in the UK.

　　C.The sales of tobacco substitutes have increased considerably.

　　D.Cigarette sales have been falling far more quickly than in the UK.

　　49. Why has it taken so long for the UK government to consider plain packaging?

　　A.Prime Minister Cameron has been reluctant to take action.

　　B.There is strong opposition from veteran nicotine addicts.

　　C.Many Members of Parhament are addicted to smoking.

　　D.Pressure from tobacco manufacturers remains strong.

　　50. What did Cameron say about chocolate oranges at supermarket checkouts?

　　A.They fueled a lot of controversy.

　　B.They attracted a lot of smokers.

　　C.They made more British people obese.

　　D.They had certain ingredients missing.

　　答案：

　　46.D   47.A   48.B   49.A   50.C

　　真经派解题思路解析：

　　46. 正确答案：D. 第一步，找定位词，chain smokers, cigarette packing 第二步，回原文定位。定位到第一段第一句“任何老烟枪都会证明花哨的包装对于决定是否继续吸烟不会造成影响。”   第三步：看选项。A. 美丽的包装可以吸引新的吸烟者。与原文“不会造成影响”相反，故错误。B. 它和烟的质量有关。没提到烟的质量，故错误。C. 普通包装阻止不吸烟的人吸烟。答案句没提到，故错误。D. 对吸烟者决定是否放弃吸烟没有影响。与答案句一致，故正确。

　　47. 正确答案：A. 第一步，找定位词，UK government, tobacco packing.第二步，回原文定位。定位到第二段第一句，“但这并不是政府－在癌症慈善机构、卫生工作者和工党的压力之下－同意对标准化的包装进行立法的原因。”第三步：看选项。A. 通过一个法律去规范化烟的包装。与原文“同意对标准化的包装进行立法”一致，故正确。B. 去掉纸烟的所有广告。没提到广告，错误。C. 补贴公司采取普通包装，错误。D.根据包装对烟重新分类。错误。

　　48. 正确答案：B. 第一步，找定位词，Australia, plain packaging. 第二步，回原文定位。定位到第三段第5句话，“来自澳大利亚的证据表明，普通包装促使澳大利亚的吸烟人数进一步下降。”。第三步：看选项。A.由烟导致的早死率下降了。B. 吸烟者的数量比英国的（吸烟者的数量）下降快很多。正确 C. 烟替代品的销售已经大量增长。没提烟的替代品。D. 烟的销售量比英国的下降快很多。不是烟的销售量，故错误。

　　49. 正确答案：A. 第一步，找定位词，so long, UK government, plain packaging. 第二步，回原文定位。定位到第四段第1.2.3句。“那么，采用普通包装为什么花费了如此长的时间呢？卫生部在2010年11月宣布计划考虑这个举措并在整个2012年期间一直协商。但该计划于2013年7月被搁置。人们注意到由戴维·卡梅伦的竞选主管林顿·克罗斯比创立的一家游说公司以前为菲利普·莫里斯国际公司游说过。”第三步：看选项。A. Cameron首相不愿意采取行动。与“被搁置”一致，故正确。B.遭到来自深度尼古丁成瘾者电强烈反对。错误。C. 许多国会成员沉迷于吸烟。错误。D. 来自烟制造商的压力还是很强烈。错误。

　　50. 正确答案：C. 第一步，找定位词，Cameron, chocolate oranges, supermarket checkouts. 第二步，回原文定位。定位到倒数第二段的最后一句，“他在2006年奇怪地叹息道，极具诱惑性地摆放在超市收银台上的橘子形状的巧克力加剧了肥胖，自那以后，他对国家干预的态度看起来难以辨认。”第三步：看选项。A. 他们引起了很多反对。不是反对，故错误。B. 他们吸引了很多吸烟者。还没提到吸烟者，故错误。C. 他们让更多英国人沉迷。与原文“加剧了肥胖”一致，故正确。D. 他们缺失了特定的成分。错误。

　　Passage 2

　　Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

　　What a waste of money! In return for an average of ?44,000 of debt, students get an average of only 14 hours of lecture and tutorial time a week in Britain. Annual fees have been from ?1,000 to ?9,000 in the last decade, but contact time at university has barely risen at all. And graduating jobs.

　　No wonder it has become fashionable to denounce many universities as little more than elaborate con-tricks（骑术）。 There's a lot for students to complain about the repayment threshold for paying back loans will be frozen for five years, meaning that lower-paid graduates have to start repaying their loans, and maintenance grants have been replaced by loans, meaning that students from poorer backgrounds face higher debt than those with wealthier parents.

　　Yet it still pays to go to university. If going to university doesn't work out, students pay very little—if any—of their tuition fees back： you only start repaying when you are earning（英镑）21,000 a year. Almost half of graduates ,those who go on to earn less- will have a portion of their debt written off. It's not just the lectures and seminars. Students do not merely benefit while at university, studies show they go on to be healthier and happier than non-graduates, and also far more likely to vote.

　　Whatever your talents, it is extraordinarily difficult to get a leading job in most fields without having been to university. Recruiters circle elite universities like vulture（兀鹰）。 Many top firms will not even look at applications from those who lack an upper-second class degree, from an elite university. Students at university also meet those likely to be in leading jobs in the future, forming contacts for life. This might not be right, but school-leavers who fail to acknowledge as much risk making the wrong decision about going to university.

　　Perhaps the reason why so many universities offer their students so little is they know studying at a top university remains a brilliant investment even if you don't learn anything. Studying at universities will only become less attractive if employers shift their focus away from where someone went to universities－and there is no sign of that happening anytime soon. School-leavers may moan, but they have little choice but to embrace university and the student debt that comes with it.

　　51. What is the author’s opinion of going to university?

　　A. It is worthwhile after all.

　　B. It is simply a waste of time.

　　C. It is hard to say whether it is good or bad.

　　D. It is too expensive for most young people.

　　52. What does the author say about the employment situation of British university graduates?

　　A. Few of them are satisfied with the jobs they are offered.

　　B. It usually takes a long time for them to find a decent job.

　　C. Graduates from elite universities usually can get decent jobs.

　　D. Most of them take jobs which don’t require a college degree.

　　53. What does the author say is important for university students besides classroom instruction?

　　A. Making sure to obtain an upper-second class degree.

　　B. Practical skills they will need in their future careers.

　　C. Interactions among themselves outside the classroom.

　　D. Developing independent and creative thinking abilities.

　　54. What is said to be an advantage of going to university?

　　A. Learning how to take risks in an ever-changing world.

　　B. Meeting people who will be helpful to you in the future.

　　C. Having opportunities of playing a leading role in society.

　　D. Gaining up-to-date knowledge in science and technology.

　　55. What can we infer from the last paragraph?

　　A. It is natural for students to make complaints about university education.

　　B. Few students are willing to bear the burden of debt incurred at university.

　　C. University education is becoming attractive to students who can afford it.

　　D. The prestige of the university influences employers’ recruitment decisions.

　　答案：

　　51.A   52.D   53.C   54.B   55.D

　　真经派解题思路解析：

　　51. 正确答案：A. 第一步，找定位词， opinion, going to university. 第二步，回原文定位。定位到第一、二、三段，前三段都在说大学，在 第三段第一句话“然而，上大学仍然是值得的” ，这才是作者的观点。第三步：看选项。A. 总之这是值得的。正确。B. 这仅仅是浪费时间。这不是作者的观点，只是作者说的一个社会现象。C. 很难说这是好还是坏。作者说了“上大学仍然是值得的。”D. 对于很多年轻人来说太贵了。也不是作者的观点。

　　52. 正确答案：D. 第一步，找定位词，employment, British university graduates. 第二步，回原文定位。定位到第一段的最后一句话，“大学毕业甚至无法为获得一份体面的工作提供任何保证：如今有十分之六的毕业生从事不需要大学文凭的工作。”第三步：看选项。A. 很少人满意提供给他们的工作。没说到满意，故错误。B. 总是要花很长时间去寻找到一份体面的工作。C. 从精英学校毕业的学生可以得到体面的工作。D.大部分参加工作不需要大学文凭。正确。

　　53. 正确答案：C. 第一步，找定位词，important, classroom instruction.第二步，回原文定位。定位到第三段第4句“不仅仅是讲座和导师辅导时间很重要。教育是学生们在讲座和研讨班之间彼此教导的知识总和。”第三步：看选项。A. 确保获得一个2:1课程学位（2:1是英国的打分制度，相当于中国的85/100）错误。B. 他们未来工作需要的实际技能。错误。C. 在教室外他们之间的互动。正确。D.发展独立和创造性思维能力。错误。

　　54. 正确答案：B. 第一步，找定位词，advantage 第二步，回原文定位。定位到第4段第4句，“学生在大学里还会遇见那些以后可能处于领导岗位的人，为生活建立社会关系。”第三步：看选项。A. 学着如何在不断变化的世界承担风险。错误。B. 认识对他们未来有帮助的人。正确。C. 有机会在社会上扮演一个领导角色。D. 获得最新的科技知识。

　　55. 正确答案：D. 第一步，找定位词，last paragraph. 第二步，回原文定位。定位到最后一段第2句，“如果雇主将注意力从人们读哪所大学上转移，在大学学习才会变得没有那么大的吸引力－没有迹象表明这会在近期发生。”第三步：看选项。A. 学生抱怨大学教育很自然。错误。B. 很少的学生愿意去承担大学产生的费用。错误。C. 大学教育对可以负担的起的人变得有吸引力。错误。D. 大学的名望影响雇主的录取决定。正确。

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